The Istanbul Programme of Action (IPoA), adopted at the Fourth UN LDC Conference, aims at helping the world’s poorest countries combat poverty during the upcoming decade. But what does the IPoA really mean for LDCs? Where is further work needed and what can be done about possible weaknesses? Panelists of the International Dialogue on Beyond Istanbul: Challenges after the UN LDC IV and Trade Preferences for LDCs addressed these questions, assessed the importance of the measures within the IPoA, and identified the monitoring and follow up measures to improve the influence of the IPoA for LDCs. The event was jointly organised by CPD; ICTSD, Geneva; and OECD Development Centre, Paris on 28 June 2011, in Geneva, Switzerland.